Who can claim privilege in legal relationships?

In legal relationships, privilege typically pertains to the confidential communications between a professional, such as a lawyer, and their client. This means that the privilege can be claimed not only by the professional but also by the individual or client involved in the communication. Additionally, a representative or someone acting on behalf of the client can assert the privilege.

This is essential because the privilege exists to encourage open and honest communication in professional settings. When clients know that their communications are protected, they are more likely to disclose all relevant information, which enables the professional to provide effective advice and representation.

The correct option reflects the collaborative nature of privilege, recognizing that both the professional and the client or their designated representative may assert the privilege, thereby safeguarding their mutual interests in confidentiality.