Which type of alimony is vested and cannot be modified?

Lump sum alimony is characterized by a one-time payment that is made from one spouse to another as part of a divorce settlement. Once this payment is made, it is considered vested; that means the recipient has a final, fixed entitlement to that amount and cannot have it modified or changed later, regardless of circumstances.

This type of alimony is distinct from other forms such as rehabilitative, periodic, or temporary alimony, all of which can be modified based on changes in the recipient's or payor's circumstances, such as changes in income, needs, or other life changes. For instance, rehabilitative alimony is intended to support a spouse while they gain skills or education to become self-sufficient, and it can be altered if the recipient gains employment earlier than expected. Periodic alimony, which is paid on a recurring basis, is also subject to modification based on changes in the financial situation of either party. Temporary alimony serves as a short-term solution while the divorce is pending and likewise can be adjusted.

The lump sum payment provides certainty and finality, making it an important distinction in alimony types, as it secures the recipient's financial support in a non-modifiable form.